What are two common complications associated with surgery?

Bleeding and infection are indeed two common complications associated with surgery.

Bleeding can occur during the surgical procedure or as a result of post-operative complications. It can range from minor, which may not require any intervention, to serious cases that might necessitate additional surgeries or blood transfusions. Managing bleeding is a critical aspect of surgical care, as excessive loss of blood can lead to significant health issues and prolonged recovery.

Infection is another prevalent risk following surgery due to the incision made and potential exposure to bacteria. Surgical sites can become infected if the proper sterilization protocols aren’t followed or if post-operative care isn’t adequately managed. Signs of infection can include swelling, redness, increased pain, or discharge at the surgical site. Preventive measures such as administering antibiotics and maintaining good hygiene practices are crucial in minimizing this risk.

While nausea and dizziness, fatigue and dehydration, and pain and scarring can be associated with surgery as well, they are generally not categorized as direct complications in the same way that bleeding and infection are. These other options may arise during recovery but do not carry the same immediate risks to health and surgical outcomes as bleeding and infection do.